Navrat - Zivotne prostredie - cislo 3/2000
Z d r o j: Nazov casopisu: Zivotne prostredie Rocnik: 2000, Cislo: 3 Vydavatel: Ustav krajinnej ekologie SAV Bratislava Environmentalna dimenzia vstupu Slovenskej republiky a Ceskej republiky do Europskej unie Podpisom Asociacnej dohody v decembri 1991 deklarovalo byvale Ceskoslovensko svoj zaujem o vstup do Europskeho spolocenstva a o plnenie poziadaviek vyplyvajucich z clenstva v Europskej unii. Po rozdeleni Ceskoslovenska sa prerokovali samostatne dohody pre Cesku republiku a Slovensku republiku. V aprili 1998 sa v Bruseli zacali za ucasti predstavitelov Europskej komisie a 11 asociovanych statov strednej a vychodnej Europy a Cypru, medzi ktore patri aj SR a CR, analyticke skumania legislati vy EU (tzv. skriningove rozhovory). Vstup do EU ma vyznamnu environmentalnu dimenziu. EU povazuje za pravo zivotneho prostredia omnoho sirsiu oblast, nez je to dosial v SR a CR. Okrem predpisov z oblasti starostlivosti o zivotne prostredie sa sem zaraduju aj predpisy regulujuce starostlivost o zdrave zivotne podmienky obyvatelstva a technicke poziadavky na vystavbu a prevadzkovanie zariadeni s vplyvmi na zivotne prostredie. Pravo zivotneho prostredia je tretou najvacsou oblastou prava EU (po vnutornom trhu a polnohospodarstve), obsahuje ok olo 300 nariadeni, smernic a rozhodnuti. Vyznamne je nielen samotne prevzatie pravnej upravy EU v oblasti zivotneho prostredia, ale aj zabezpecenie jej realneho uplatnovania. Do monotematickeho cisla sme zaradili clanky, ktore sa venuju aproximacii prava zivotneho prostredia s pravom EU, ulohe ministerstiev zivotneho prostredia SR a CR v predvstupovom procese a zhodnoteniu environmentalnej politiky v kontexte environmentalnej politiky EU. Dalsie clanky su tematicky zamerane na europsku dimenziu priestoroveho a environmentalneho planovania, environmentalnu politiku vo vybranych bankovych instituciach v europskych krajinach, strukturalne fondy EU a poziadavky EU na posudzovanie regionalnych rozvojovych planov a programov strukturalnych fondov z hladiska zivotneho prostredia. Kedze vstup do EU vyznamne ovplyvni aj oblast vychovy a vzdelavania, zaradili sme sem i clanok venovany zhodnoteniu vyucby environmentalneho a komunitarneho prava na Pravnickej fakulte Univerzity Komenskeho a prispevok zamerany na europsku dimenziu a zivotne prostredie vo vzdelavani v ramci Europskej unie. Podla vysledkov prieskumov vacsina obyvatelov Slovenskej i Ceskej republiky je orientovana prointegracne. Z prieskumov vyplynulo, ze obyvatelia SR a CR - aj napriek tomu, ze v oboch statoch prebieha informacna kampan o vstupe do EU a pracuju viacere informacne strediska, este nemaju dostatocne vedomosti o instituciach EU, ich cinnosti, dohodach a zmluvach, podmienkach pristupenia k EU a pod. Monotematickym cislom Zivotneho prostredia chceme preto prispiet ku zlepseniu informovanosti sirokej odbornej ve rejnosti. Maria Kozova, Miroslav Martis
Environmental dimension of the admission of the Slovak and Czech Republics to the European Union By putting its signature to the Association Agreement in December 1991, former Czecho-Slovakia declared its interest in the admission to the European Community and in fulfilling the requirements resulting from the membership in the European Union (EU). After the split of Czecho-Slovakia the separate agreements for the newly formed states - the Czech Republic (CR) and the Slovak Republic (SR) - were elaborated. Since April 1998 the analytical examination of EU legislation (the so-called screening proc ess) has started in Brussels in the presence of representatives of the European Commission and 11 associated countries of Central and Eastern Europe and Cyprus including both the SR and CR. The accession to the EU has a significant environmental dimension. The EU considers environmental law to be a much wider area than it is hitherto in the SR and CR. Besides the regulations on environmental care, also the regulations establishing the care of sound living conditions for population as well as technical requirements to build and to operate the facilities with environmental impacts are included in this category. Environmental law is the 3rd most extensive law section in the EU (after those per taining to domestic market and agriculture) - it implies around 300 orders, directives and decisions. It is important not only to undertake the EU legal regulations in the field of the environment, but also to ensure their actual enforcement. This monothematic issue is composed of the articles dedicated to the approximation of environmental law to EU law, to the role of the Ministries of the Environment in the SR and CR within the pre-accession process to the EU, and to the evaluation of environmental policy in the context of EU environmental policy. Further contributions are thematically pointed at the European dimension of spatial and environmental planning, at the environmental policy in selected bank institutions in European countries, at the Structural Funds of the EU and the requirements of EU to assess the regional developmental plans and programs of the Structural Funds from the environmental aspect. Since the admission to the EU will to a large extent influence the domains of education and upbringing, we incorporated into the issue an article devoted to the evaluation of teaching environmental and communitary law at the Faculty of Law at Comenius University and also an article focused to the European dimension and the environment in ed ucation within the European Union. According to the poll results, the majority of inhabitants in the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic are oriented towards integration. It was here found out that the populations of the SR and CR - despite the fact that informational campaigns on the admission to the EU are organised in both states and more informational centres are already working - do not have sufficient knowledge of EU institutions, their activities, agreements and treaties, conditions for the accession to the EU etc. Therefore we would like to contribute through this issue of Zivotne prostredie to improving the information of the general professional public. Maria Kozova, Miroslav Martis Z d r o j: Nazov casopisu: Zivotne prostredie Rocnik: 2000, Cislo: 3 Vydavatel: Ustav krajinnej ekologie SAV Bratislava |
Navrat - Zivotne prostredie - cislo 3/2000